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The Basics of Compensation


Jan. 22, 2001 (SmartPros) Understandably, many accounting students are filled with both optimism and apprehension about entering the workforce for the first time. For those of you who are about to explore this uncharted territory, one of the best things you can do to prepare yourself is to become familiar with some basic elements of a typical compensation package.



Keep in mind that there is more to compensation than salary alone. Here are some common terms to familiarize yourself with:
  • Base pay is the foundation of most compensation packages. It represents the "fixed" portion of a salary an employee receives for consistently and effectively performing his or her job. Base pay is typically adjusted annually through performance reviews and corresponding wage increases. In a competitive market, businesses may review salaries more often.
  • Performance-based pay is used by companies as a motivational tool to reward an individual's contributions toward the achievement of corporate goals. This serves a two-fold purpose; it motivates employees to do their best work and gives firms a way to recognize exceptional performance without raising fixed costs. 
  • Equity-based compensation, which includes the granting of stock options, has gained widespread popularity as an added incentive to attract accounting and finance professionals. Employees are given the option of purchasing a specified number of shares at a future date - generally one year from the date of employment - at a set price. A typical vesting schedule might allow the purchase of 25 percent of granted options after one year, with smaller percentages available over subsequent months. To remain competitive, a growing number of firms are now accelerating stock vesting schedules, which allows employees greater control over their potential assets and quicker access to profits. 
  • Benefits packages have evolved in recent years to meet the demands of a changing workforce. In addition to standard health and dental plans, many organizations now offer employees a more flexible work environment to help them achieve work/life balance. Flex-time schedules and telecommuting are popular options, allowing individuals more choices about when and where they work. New programs such as "pooled" vacation and sick time, employee concierge services, and access to financial planning are also becoming more common, as are employee assistance programs which may include child and elder care referrals, legal services, confidential in-person counseling and support group referrals.
Don't Forget The Extras
In addition to the basics, you should get an understanding of other incentives the company uses to motivate its employees. These may include discretionary stock grants, extra time off and professional development opportunities, which can give you an idea of the firm's values and culture. Find out how individual and team contributions are rewarded, and how you might be affected as an employee.
 
Still Want More?
Through effective negotiation, you can enhance your compensation package and still leave a positive impression with a prospective employer. The keys are flexibility and compromise. Determine whether each piece of a benefits package is a "must" versus a "want." A minimum salary level is, of course, a pivotal consideration, and may initially be listed as a must in your career checklist. Be willing to bend a bit, however, if a firm comes in low on salary, but offers an extremely attractive work environment and enhanced benefits package. They might be willing to compensate in other ways. For example, after receiving a lower-than-expected salary offer, you might suggest performance-based bonuses or additional stock options, or a salary review after a specified period of time, say six months.
 
Remember to be positive, courteous and open-minded, and chances are you and your new employer will leave the negotiation mutually satisfied with the agreement.

2001, Smartpros Ltd. All Rights Reserved.

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